Medicine deals with treatments that work often but not always, so treatment success must be based on probability. Statistical methods lift medical research from the anecdotal to measured levels of probability. This book presents the common statistical methods used in 90 per cent of medical research, along with the underlying basics, in two parts: a textbook section for use by students in health care training programs, e.g., medical schools or residency training, and a reference section for use by practicing clinicians in reading medical literature and performing their own research. The book does not require a significant level of mathematical knowledge and couches the methods in multiple examples drawn from clinical medicine, giving it applicable context. The easy-to-follow format of the book incorporates medical examples, step-by-step methods, and check yourself exercises. The two-part design features course material and a professional reference section. The chapter summaries provide a review of formulas, method algorithms, and check lists.
The companion site links to statistical databases that can be downloaded and used to perform the exercises from the book and practice statistical methods. This book includes: new chapters on: multifactor tests on means of continuous data, equivalence testing, and advanced methods; new topics on: trial randomization, treatment ethics in medical research, imputation of missing data, and making evidence-based medical decisions; updated database coverage and additional exercises; expanded coverage of numbers needed to treat and to benefit, and regression analysis including stepwise regression and Cox regression; and, thorough discussion on required sample size.
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Foreword to the Second Edition, W. M. (Mike) O'Fallon Foreword to the First Edition, Vice Adm. Richard A. Nelson Databases I. A Study Course of Fundamentals 1. Data, Notation, and Some Basic Terms 2. Distributions 3. Summary Statistics 4. Confidence Intervals and Probability 5. Hypothesis Testing: Concept and Practice 6. Statistical Testing, Risks, and Odds in Medical Decisions 7. Sample Size Required for a Study 8. Statistical Prediction 9. Epidemiology 10. Reading Medical Articles Answers to Chapter Exercises, Part I II. A Reference Guide 11. Using the Reference Guide 12. Planning Medical Studies 13. Finding Probabilities of Error 14. Confidence Intervals 15. Tests on Categorical Data 16. Tests on Ranked Data 17. Tests on Means of Continuous Data 18. Multifactor Tests on Means of Continuous Data 19. Tests on Variances of Continuous Data 20. Tests on the Distribution Shape of Continuous Data 21. Equivalence Testing 22. Sample Size Required for a Study 23. Modeling and Clinical Decisions 24. Regression and Correlation Methods 25. Survival and Time-Series Analysis 26. Methods You Might Meet, But Not Every Day Chapter Summaries References and Data Sources Tables of Probability Distributions Symbol Index Subject Index
