Springer-Verlag Berlin and Heidelberg GmbH & Co. K

This handbook is intended for the advanced specialist and for the practitioner interested in the application of lasers in medicine. It provides state-of-the art summaries of all available medical laser systems and the indications for their clinical use. The first part introduces basic laser physics, including laser-tissue interactions as well as technical equipment and particular techniques developed for medical use in connection with laser. The second part of the text covers all areas of laser application in medicine presented by senior specialists from different countries, each having extensive practical experience.

Shoulder Arthroscopy and MRI Techniques is an authoritative text on the various techniques in arthroscopic surgery of the shoulder joint. International experts in the field cover the whole spectrum of the state of the art. Clear and self-explanatory illustrations depict the operative procedures in a step-by-step manner. The authors communicate tips and tricks, thus enabling the reader to easily reproduce the procedures with the desired results. Through direct comparison between arthroscopic and MRI photographs the surgeon will be able to correlate the two and draw important conclusions. Another focus is placed on post-operative MRI evaluation. The reader is provided with up-to-date information and a valuable guide in his daily routine.

Owing to its central position in the retroperitoneal and pelvic cavity, the ureter is rapidly affected by a variety of pathological processes. Furthermore, any disease involving the ureter can also have an effect on the kidneys. For several decades, the diagnosis of diseases affecting the ureter was based on intravenous excretory urography and techniques of direct opacification. However, the diagnostic strategy has been extensively modified by the advent of helical computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. This book, the first to focus specifically on ureteral imaging, covers both the new and the traditional techniques. Their use in the variety of scenarios involving ureteral disease is clearly elucidated with the aid of high-quality informative images.

ThisbookcomprisesthescientificproceedingsoftheInternationalWorkshop onDigitalMammography(IWDM),heldinBremen,Germany,fromJune22 toJune25,2002. Sinceitsinceptionin1992,IWDMhasgrownintotheIn- ternationalForumonDigitalMammography. TheuniquenessofIWDMisits attractivenesstoresearchers,medicalpractitioners,andindustrialdevelopers. F6rmerworkshopswereheldinSanJose,USA(1992),York,UK(1994), Chicago,USA(1996),Nijmegen,NL(1998),andToronto,Canada(2000). Each ofthesescientificeventshasbeencombinedwithverysuccessfulandfocused industrialandresearchexhibits,whichdemonstratedthemilestonesofdigital mammographyhard-andsoftware. Now,thatdigitalmammographyisenteringroutineclinicaluse,wewitness itsstrongimpactonscreeninganddiagnosticmammography,computeraided detection,minimallyinvasiveprocedures,andthedevelopmentofsystemicand integrateddisease-orientedbreastcare. Inviewofthis,the2002workshoppro- videdawindowtogiveusaglanceatthefuture,andtheworkwhichwas presentedintalks,postersandexhibitshasdemonstratedthatIWDM2002will takeaspecialplaceintheverysuccessfulsequenceofIWDMevents. Finally,asconferencechair,Iwouldliketothankallwhohavehelpedtopre- pareandrunIWDM2002:theScientificAdvisoryBoardforitsexcellentworkin guaranteeingscientificsignificance,theOrganizationalBoardforitshardworkto accomplishanappropriateframeworkfortheevent,andtheindustrialexhibitors andsponsorsfortheirgeneroussupport. Bremen,January2003 Heinz-Otto Peitgen ConferenceChair ProfessorofMathematicsand BiomedicalSciences VI Scientific Committee SusanAstley UniversityofManchester,UK UlrichBick CharitBerlin,Germany/UniversityofChicago,USA MichaelBrady OxfordUniversity,UK HiroshiFujita GifuUniversity,Japan MaryellenGiger UniversityofChicago,USA NicoKarssemeijer UniversityHospitalNijmegen,TheNetherlands Heinz-OttoPeitgenUniversityofBremen,Germany EttaD. Pisano UniversityofNorthCarolina,USA MartinYaffe UniversityofToronto,Canada IWDM 2002 was supported by (MeViS SIEMENS BreastCare medical I' General Electric ARC-0 Fllmle. . Perfection for DI I JMammography Table of Contents Imaging Systems and Detectors...1 DigitalMammographicApplicationofaSinglePhotonCountingPixel Detector...3 Amendolia SR, Bisogni MG, Delogu P, Fantacci ME, Novelli M, Quattrocchi M, Rosso V, Stefanini A, Zucca S BreastCancerScreeningUsingaDedicatedBreastCTScanner:A FeasibilityStudy...6 Boone JM, Lindfors KK, Seibert JA, Nelson TR PhysicalEvaluationofaPrototypefortheSectraMicrodose MammographySystem...12 Lundqvist M, Bergstrom D, Cederstrom B, Chmill V, Chuntonov A, Danielsson M, Aslund M DoseMeasurementsonaScanningMulti-slitDigitalMammography System...17 Hansson B, Cederstrom B, Danielsson M, Aslund M DigitalMammographyvs. toScreen-FilmMammography:aPhantom Study...20 Heid P, PagliuchiC, Seradour B, Motte N, Langlois L, Kurkdjian S, Piana L MammographyTaxonomyforImprovementofLesionDetectionRates...27 Howard D, Roberts SC, Tabar L AHighResolution(25 p. m)HybridSelenium/CCDSlotScanDetector forDigitalMammography...33 Hunter DM, De CrescenzoG, Mainprize JG, Mawdsley GE, SmithC, Kasap SO, Rowlands JAR, Tumer T, Yin S, Yaffe MJ Co-registeredBreastImagingwith3DX-Raysand3DUltrasound...38 Kapur A, Eberhard JW, Abdalmajeid AM, Thomenius K ImagingCharacteristicsofaDirectConversionFull-FieldDigital MammographyDetectorusingSelenium...4 3 Lee DL, Yorker lG, ling Z, leromin LS SimultaneousAcquisitionofDiffraction,ScatteringandPhase-Contrast ImagesbyMeansofaMulti-LayerEdge-OnMicrostripDetector 48 Olivo A, Arfelli P, Bergamaschi A, Dreossi D, Longo R, Menk RH, Montanari F, Pani S, Poropat P, Rigon L, Vallazza E, Castelli E VIII FullFieldDigitalMammographywithaCCDBasedSlot-Scanned Detector. PhysicalCharacteristicsMeasurements...

Chest sonography is an established procedure in the stepwise imaging diagnosis of pulmonary and pleural disease. It is the method of choice to distinguish between solid and liquid lesions and allows the investigator to make an unequivocal diagnosis without exposing the patient to costly and stressful procedures. This book presents the state of the art in chest investigation by means of ultrasonography. A number of excellent illustrations and the compact text provide concise and easy-to-assimilate information about the diagnostic procedure. Basic elements such as indications, investigation techniques and image artifacts are detailed in separate chapters.

Diagnostic sonography of the peripheral nervous system is an evolving specialty of musculoskeletal ultrasound. This book provides an in-depth description of sonographic examination technique - how to access an individual nerve with sonography and how to interpret local findings. A particular focus is on sonographic-anatomic correlations, based on the use of anatomic cadaver cryosections and comparative sonograms. All currently possible clinical applications are addressed, including the evaluation of nerve compression syndromes, traumatic lesions, tumors, and postoperative complications. The book contains a huge number of high-quality patient sonograms, all derived from cases with clinical and in many instances surgical correlation.

As chairman of the European Association of Nuclear Medi- cine (EANM) 2001 annual meeting, I tried to reach two goals: a "universal nuclear medicine" congress where all people could speak and learn using the same language, and a full exploration of the possibility of making a diagnosis through global imaging. I am personally convinced that nuclear med- icine techniques in the detection of infection and inflamma- tion are essential, and in the near future their role and clinical impact will be impressive. As stated during the meeting, this topic will be one of the major and expanding fields of interest for nuclear medicine. During the post-congress meetings organized in Capri by Alberto Signore and Mauro Liberatore for each topic, there was a leading expert for the clinical, radiological and nuclear medicine aspects. This interaction was crucial for the quality of the discussion and the definition of flow charts that will be useful for all the medical community. These meetings, where for each topic there is full coverage of all the aspects of imaging, are, in my opinion, the most fruitful and useful for the progression and diffusion of nu- clear medicine procedures. May 2002 Prof. Marco Salvatore Chairman of the EANM Congress 2001 Some 35 years ago, a French singer sold millions of records with a song, trying to tell the world "Capri c'est fini" - Capri is over.

This 2nd edition provides up-to-date information on the diagnosis and treatment of cancers of the eye and orbit. The 1st edition has been significantly revised. The most recent data with respect to retinoblastoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, and melanoma are included, and there are a number of chapters by new contributors, lending this edition a more broadly based, international character. The presenting signs and symptoms of tumors are outlined, and indications for the various imaging modalities are analyzed. Treatment techniques, together with their results in respect of survival and local tumor control, are described in detail; throughout, special attention is paid to multimodality therapy. Potential complications of radiotherapy are described, and relevant information is provided on the management of radiation effects. The emphasis is on the need for a holistic approach to the patient that recognizes the wider role of irradiation of the eye now that more careful treatment planning is possible.

In mammals, a robust physiologic system acts to maintain relative constancy of weight. A key element of this system is leptin. The nature of this "brain-somatic" cross talk is as yet poorly understood, but it is likely to have important implications for the pathophysiology and treatment of obesity, diabetes and other metabolic disorders.

As a draining and secretory system, the nasolacrimal ducts play a role in tear transport and non-specific immune defense. In this book recent advances about the nasolacrimal ducts have been summarized and discussed in context with nasolacrimal duct pathophysiology.

Interventional radiology is playing an increasingly significant role in the clinical management of patients with cancer, replacing more invasive traditional methods and making it possible to deal with previously untreatable conditions. This state-of-the-art book describes the techniques currently used by interventional radiologists in the treatment and palliation of a variety of malignant conditions. Throughout, the emphasis is on practical issues. Every chapter has been written by a world expert in the topic concerned. This book will serve as an authoritative source of information and will be invaluable to those using interventional radiological techniques in the treatment of patients with malignant disease.

A "brain defibrillator" may be closer than we think. An epileptic seizure involves a paroxysmal change in the activity of millions of neurons. Feedback control of seizures would require an implantable device that could predict seizure occurrence and then deliver a stimulus to abort it. To examine the feasibility of building such a device, this text brings together experts in epilepsy, bio-engineering, and dynamical systems theory. Topics include the development of epileptic systems, seizure prediction, neural synchronization, wave phenomena in excitable media, and the control of complex neural dynamics using brief electrical stimuli.