Praise for this book: An excellent textbook accompanied by high quality illustrations illustrating clinical applications, [and the] advantages and limitations of ultrasound examinations of the central nervous system. - RAD Magazine Neurosonology and Neuroimaging of Stroke is a comprehensive reference for the diagnosis and management of cerebrovascular disease using neurosonology. Divided into two main parts, the book opens with an in-depth overview of the fundamental principles of neurosonology. It describes ultrasound anatomy, examination techniques, the essential technical concepts for clinical applications, as well as the pathogenesis of stroke and vascular pathology. For each case, the book provides concise descriptions of clinical presentation, initial neuroradiological findings, suspected diagnosis, the angiological questions, and final diagnosis. Each case concludes with a detailed discussion, enabling the clinician to gain a solid understanding of the diagnosed disease and the angiologic questions arising from the case. Features: * Practical discussion of 30 clinical scenarios thoroughly prepares the clinician for the range of frequently encountered problems * Consistent presentation aids rapid reference to cases of interest * More than 750 high-quality illustrations, including full-color Doppler images * Nearly 100 video clips on the accompanying DVD demonstrate anatomy, imaging concepts, and select cases included in the book A reference and casebook in a single volume, Neurosonology and Neuroimaging of Stroke is ideal for clinicians seeking to optimize care for patients by enhancing their knowledge of this important diagnostic tool.
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Table of Contents Foreword (Prof. Caplan) Foreword (Prof. Einhaupl) Introduction (Authors) Abbreviations A PRINCIPLES AND RULES 1 Flow dynamics and Ultrasound methods 1.1 Flow dynamics 1.2 Ultrasound methods 1.3 Ultrasound systems 2 Vascular anatomy and structure of ultrasound examination 2.1 General arterial anatomy 2.1.1 Extracranial arterial anatomy 2.1.2 Intracranial arterial anatomy 2.2 General structure of arterial ultrasound examination 2.3 Special arterial anatomy and ultrasound anatomy 2.3.1 Extracranial arteries 2.3.2 Intracranial Arteries 2.4 General venous anatomy 2.4.1 Intracranial venous anatomy 2.4.2 Extracranial venous anatomy 2.5 General structure of venous ultrasound examination 2.6. Special venous anatomy and ultrasound anatomy 2.6.1 Intracranial veins and sinuses 2.6.2 Extracranial veins 3 Intracranial hemodynamics and functional tests 3.1 Autoregulation 3.2 Neurovascular coupling 3.3 Metabolic coupling 3.4 Parameters of cerebral hemodynamics 4 Pathogenesis of stroke 4.1 Arterial ischemia 4.1.1 Pathophysiology 4.1.2 Classification of arterial stroke 4.2.1 Spontaneous microemboli 4.2.2 Microemboli in PFO detection 4.3 Venous ischemia 5 Vascular pathology 5.1 Vessel wall pathology 5.2 Stenoses and occlusions 5.2.1 Ultrasound criteria of stenoses 5.2.2 Ultrasound criteria of occlusions 5.3 Extracranial pathology 5.3.1 Extracranial anterior circulation 5.3.2 Extracranial posterior circulation 5.4 Intracranial pathology 5.4.1 Intracranial anterior circulation 5.4.2 Intracranial posterior circulation 5.5 Collateral pathways 5.5.1 Intracranial collateral pathways 5.5.2 Intracranial collateral pathways in ICA occlusive processes 5.5.3 Intracranial collateral pathways in VA occlusive processes 5.5.4 Extracranial collateral pathways 5.5.5 Clinical relevance of collateral pathways 6 Angiographic techniques in neuroradiology 6.1 DSA 6.2 MRA 6.3 CTA 6.4 Current algorithm at the Charite university hospital B CASE HISTORIES Neurosonological degree of difficulty: low Case 1: Extracranial proximal internal carotid artery stenosis Case 2: Free floating thrombus of the extracranial internal carotid artery Case 3: Common carotid artery occlusion Case 4: Temporal arteriovenous malformation Case 5: M1 middle cerebral artery stenosis Case 6: P2 posterior cerebral artery stenosis Case 7: Cerebral circulatory arrest Case 8: Bilateral intracranial V4 vertebral artery stenosis Case 9: Moyamoya disease with bilateral carotid-T stenosis Case 10: Thrombolysis of M1 middle cerebral artery occlusion Neurosonological degree of difficulty: medium Case 11: Secondary occlusion in internal carotid artery dissection Case 12: Bilateral proximal extracranial internal artery occlusion and high-grade V1 vertebral artery stenosis Case 13: Internal carotid artery stenosis in fibromuscular dysplasia and Wegener's granulomatosis Case 14: Isolated carotid siphon stenosis Case 15: Near occlusion of the extracranial internal carotid artery Case 16: Giant cell arteritis with bilateral V4 vertebral artery stenosis Case 17: Ascending middle cerebral artery occlusion Case 18: Bilateral internal carotid artery dissection Case 19: Vertebral artery dissection with distal occlusion Case 20: Internal carotid artery dissection with fast recanalization Neurosonological degree of difficulty: high Case 21: Midbasilar artery occlusion Case 22: M1 middle cerebral artery occlusion with prominent early temporal branch Case 23: Takayasu's arteritis with subclavian artery and vertebral artery stenoses Case 24: Dissection of the extracranial internal carotid artery and contralateral M1 middle cerebral artery Case 25: Progressive M1 middle cerebral artery occlusion Case 26: Extracranial vertebral artery dissecting aneurysm following basilar artery stenting Case 27: Diffuse cerebral angiomatosis Case 28: Subclavian steal phenomenon in subclavian artery and internal carotid artery occlusion Case 29: Cerebral venous thrombosis Case 30: Multilocular extra- and intracranial stenoses and occlusions References Index About the Authors
